E Governance and Citizen Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Transparency and Moderating Role of Digital Literacy

  • Muhammad Ahmad Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawlpur
Keywords: E Governance, Electronic Government, Citizen Satisfaction, Transparency, Digital Literacy, Digital Government, Public Services, Digital Transformation, Mediation, Moderation, SmartPLS, PLS SEM

Abstract

The rapid adoption of digital technologies has transformed the way governments deliver public services, communicate with citizens, and promote administrative accountability. E governance has consequently become an important mechanism for improving the efficiency, accessibility, responsiveness, and quality of public administration. However, the availability of digital government services does not necessarily guarantee higher levels of citizen satisfaction. Citizens may evaluate digital government services according to their perceptions of transparency, accessibility, trustworthiness, responsiveness, and ease of use. Moreover, differences in citizens' digital literacy may determine whether they can effectively access and benefit from electronically delivered public services. This study examines the relationship between e governance and citizen satisfaction by investigating the mediating role of transparency and moderating role of digital literacy. E governance represents the use of digital technologies to provide government information and services, facilitate citizen interaction, and improve administrative processes. Transparency is proposed as a mediator because digital government can increase the accessibility of public information, clarify administrative procedures, and improve visibility of governmental decisions. Citizen satisfaction represents citizens' overall evaluation of the quality, accessibility, responsiveness, and effectiveness of government services. Digital literacy is proposed as a moderator because citizens with stronger digital skills are expected to obtain greater benefits from e government platforms. The study adopts a quantitative, cross sectional survey design and proposes the use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling through SmartPLS. The measurement model should be assessed through indicator reliability, Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, average variance extracted, and discriminant validity. The structural model should be evaluated through path coefficients, bootstrapping, coefficient of determination, effect sizes, predictive relevance, mediation, and moderation analysis. Illustrative findings suggest that e governance positively affects transparency and citizen satisfaction, while transparency positively influences citizen satisfaction. Transparency partially mediates the relationship between e governance and citizen satisfaction. Digital literacy is expected to strengthen the positive relationship between e governance and citizen satisfaction, indicating that digitally competent citizens are more capable of converting digital government services into satisfactory service experiences. The study contributes to public administration and information systems literature by integrating technological, institutional, and citizen capability perspectives into one framework. The findings provide practical implications for governments seeking to improve digital public services and promote inclusive digital governance.

 

 

Published
2026-03-31