Agricultural Pesticides in Pakistan: Health, Environmental, Economic, and Social Equity Challenges (2015–2022)
Abstract
Pesticide use has intensified globally, raising concerns about human health, environmental contamination, and market expansion. This study analyzes pesticide consumption, poisoning cases, contamination levels, and market size in Pakistan between 2015 and 2022. Regression models were applied to assess the relationship between pesticide use, contamination, and market size. Results show synchronized increases in pesticide consumption (23,000 to 30,200 tons), poisoning cases (1,200 to 2,500), contamination (0.32% to 0.42%), and market size (USD 240 to 350 million). Regression analysis confirmed pesticide use as a significant driver of contamination, while market size showed marginal effects. These findings highlight the dual challenge of sustaining agricultural productivity and mitigating health and environmental risks
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